Installing Ubuntu 18.04 on VirtualBox
Download and Install VirtualBox
Downloads Page for Linux.
Install Ubuntu 18.04
Instructions are referenced from here.
Select and download the desktop image from the Ubuntu releases page. Move the image somewhere you will remember.
Create an empty virtual machine in VirtualBox

Name the VM, select a folder for it, and select the ISO image. Select "Skip Unattended Installation" (even though it's not selected in the image).

Make a username and password. Select VBoxGuestAdditions if you have it.

Recommended Hardware settings - If you aren't going to be running anything intensive on your host machine while using the VM set the base memory just shy of the end of the green bar, and set the CPUs to the end of the green bar.

Virtual Hard disk - 50 Gb should be more than enough for ROS and Gazebo, but you may need more storage if using additional software.

Review the summary and click "Finish". The VM should open, and an installation window will open.
Once the install finishes, you can log in.
Power off the machine, and open the settings for it in VirtualBox. Set the clipboard to "Bidirectional".

10 . Set the Video Memory to the max. Click "Ok".

That's it! You can change the screen resolution with these instructions if the proper resolution isn't available.
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